A ≤ B (A is not greater than B) D = E ≥ A (D and E are not less than A) Lalala, good observation Cyphre. RD and RE are simply in parallel with RA and RBC. What a mean tricky drawing :o Right answer. Although wrong notation, I'll accept it. Correct notation: A = D = E > B = C Niiya's notation implies nothing. Path length does not effect current. Recall that, in an electrical circuit, electrons are always populating the circuit, even if no emf(electromotive force) is connected. All the emf does is "push" the electrons around the circuit. An analogy to this situation: Imagine having a square track that is completely populated with spherical balls that can not pass eachother (only travel in one at a time). If you were to push one ball, where the battery/emf/voltage is located, all the balls will move the same speed in the entire track (first ball pushes the next which pushes the next etc. at exactly the same time). Next stanza, see explanation below. Circuit doesn't run anywhere. Current does. Current in this circuit moves from the positive end of the emf (ε) source (the longer line of the two), through the circuit, coming back in the same amperage as it left, at the negative end of the emf. Current is the derivative of charge in respect to time. Or more simply, charge per unit (single) time. I is in units of Ampere. Ampere is equal to the same unit called Coulomb Time-1, or Coulomb per time. Coulomb is the standard unit of charge. An electron (e-) has a charge of ~1.6x10-19 Coulomb, for example. I = (dQ/dt) Current goes path of least resistance. Here's how current works in a circuit: Series: I1 = I2 = I3 = ∙∙∙ Parallel: Icircuit = ∑ Ii (from 1 to ∞) (or I1 + I2 + I3 + ∙∙∙) B is in a series configuration with C, and resistance in series is the sum of the two. RB + RC = RBC RBC = RA = RD = RE The board can be of any size. As I said before, consider that the circuit is already populated with charged particles, and by adding an emf (voltage V potential gradient) just moves the charged particles in circuit. Alternating and direct current doesn't matter in this particular case. Either way properties will be the same. So anyway, from Ohm's Law, IA = ID = IE = (VADE/RADE) IB = IC = (VBC/2RB or C) The more current, the brighter the bulb. So Niiya was correct in saying it'll be double the resistance in series. This was good fun, everyone learned some stuff, and moar L to come.